Beauty

Skinceuticals Review

About Skinceuticals

Skinceuticals Review

Watching myself age isn’t my favorite pastime, nor are bad skin days high on my wish list. Yet, both happen, and while I try to kick my feet up and embrace the journey, I’m often in search of formulas that lessen their blow.

Skinceuticals works to add a bit of science to your self-care routine. Best known for their line of clinical-grade formulas, this cosmetic brand offers products suited for dry, oily, to combination skin

Skinceuticals is a major contender within the industry. They’ve been heavily featured in the press, including Refinery29, New York Magazine, Allure, and Glamour. 

Are you ready to revolutionize your skincare regimen? Stay tuned, as in this Skinceuticals review, we’ll take an in-depth look at the brand, their products, customer ratings, promotions, and more to help you decide if they’re worth checking out. 

It all began with a simple science experiment. Founder Dr. Sheldon Pinell was knee-deep in his profession as he worked on studies concerning dermatology. 

In 1992, his area of focus lay on topical antioxidants[1], leading to the first-ever Vitamin C patent of its time. Making use of Pinell’s discovery, Skinceuticals was established in 1997 with Serums 10 and 15 as their debut formulas. 

I don’t know about you, but I’m pretty impressed that Skinceuticals sprouted from game-changing research—and from one of the doctors responsible for the breakthrough.

I also appreciate that Dr. Pinell isn’t just a dermatologist, he’s a skincare chemist and a professor. In other words, it’s safe to say he knows his way around the lab.

Throughout the years, this cosmetic company has branched out to include more products within their collection. 

Abiding by pharmaceutical standards, they ensure that each formula is tested for safety, quality, and efficacy. With their headquarters in Texas, Skinceuticals continues to be a front-runner in the cosmetic industry.

Why You Should Trust Us

Our mission is to help you make better, more informed purchase decisions.

Our team spends hours researching, consulting with medical experts, gathering insight from expert professionals, reviewing customer feedback, and analyzing products to provide you with the information you need.

Pros & Cons

Skinceuticals Review

Before I truly get into this Skinceuticals review and take a look at some of their amazing products, let’s go over some of the brand’s pros and cons: 

Pros

  • Scientifically backed formulations: Skinceuticals claims to develop their products based on scientific research and evidence. They often incorporate active ingredients known for their efficacy, such as vitamin C, retinol, and antioxidants.
  • High-quality ingredients: Skinceuticals is known for using high-quality ingredients in their formulations. They strive to maintain the potency and stability of key ingredients to ensure maximum effectiveness.
  • Professional endorsements: Skinceuticals is often recommended by dermatologists and skincare professionals. Their products are used in many clinical settings, which can instill confidence in their effectiveness.
  • Targeted solutions: Skinceuticals offers a range of products targeting specific skin concerns like aging, hyperpigmentation, acne, and sun protection. This allows users to tailor their skincare routine to address their unique needs.
  • Transparency: Skinceuticals provides detailed ingredient lists and product descriptions on their packaging and website. They also share information about their research and development processes, offering transparency to their customers.

Cons

  • Price: Skinceuticals products tend to be higher priced compared to many other skincare brands on the market. This can make it less accessible for individuals on a tight budget.
  • Limited availability: Skinceuticals is primarily sold through authorized skincare professionals, dermatologists, and select online retailers. This limited availability can make it more difficult to purchase their products, especially for those without easy access to such outlets.
  • Packaging: Some users have expressed concerns about the packaging of Skinceuticals products. The brand uses clear glass bottles for some of their serums, which can expose light-sensitive ingredients to potential degradation and reduce their efficacy over time.

Features

Before we take a look at their products, let’s see what separates Skinceuticals from the pack. Here are some key features associated with the brand:

  1. Advanced formulations: Skinceuticals is known for its scientifically advanced formulations. They claim to develop their products based on extensive research and incorporate active ingredients with proven efficacy. Skinceuticals often utilizes antioxidants, vitamins, retinol, and other beneficial compounds in their products.
  2. Professional-grade skincare: Skinceuticals products are often considered to be of professional-grade quality. They are frequently recommended and used by dermatologists, skincare professionals, and in clinical settings. The brand aims to provide products that deliver effective results and contribute to overall skin health.
  3. Focus on evidence-based skincare: Skinceuticals emphasizes the importance of evidence-based skincare. They strive to provide products that are supported by scientific research and clinical studies. This commitment to scientific evidence helps instill confidence in the efficacy and reliability of their formulations.
  4. Targeted solutions: Skinceuticals offers a wide range of products designed to address specific skin concerns. They provide solutions for concerns such as aging, hyperpigmentation, acne, sun protection, and more. Skinceuticals aims to cater to different skin types and needs, allowing users to customize their skincare routines accordingly.
  5. Quality ingredients: Skinceuticals prides itself on using high-quality ingredients in their formulations. They prioritize sourcing ingredients that are potent, stable, and offer maximum benefits to the skin. The brand is known for incorporating ingredients like vitamin C, hyaluronic acid, niacinamide, and various antioxidants.
  6. Transparency and education: Skinceuticals values transparency and strives to educate consumers about their products and skincare in general. They provide detailed ingredient lists, product descriptions, and information about their research and development processes. Skinceuticals aims to empower users with knowledge to make informed decisions about their skincare.
  7. Professional distribution: Skinceuticals products are primarily sold through authorized skincare professionals, dermatologists, and select online retailers. This professional distribution model ensures that consumers receive guidance and advice from experts when choosing and using Skinceuticals products.

Ingredients

Skinceuticals utilizes a variety of active ingredients in their products, each chosen for its specific benefits and targeted skincare concerns. While the exact formulation and ingredient combinations may vary across different Skinceuticals products, here are some commonly used active ingredients and their purposes:

  1. Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid): Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant known for its ability to brighten the skin, reduce hyperpigmentation, and protect against environmental damage caused by free radicals. It also plays a role in collagen synthesis, promoting skin firmness and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
  2. Retinol: Retinol, a form of Vitamin A, is widely recognized for its anti-aging properties. It helps to accelerate skin cell turnover, improve skin texture, stimulate collagen production, and minimize the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Retinol is often used in products targeting signs of aging and acne.
  3. Hyaluronic Acid: Hyaluronic acid is a hydrating ingredient that occurs naturally in the skin. It has the ability to attract and retain moisture, promoting optimal hydration and plumping the skin. Hyaluronic acid is commonly used in products that aim to moisturize and improve skin elasticity.
  4. Salicylic Acid: Salicylic acid is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) known for its exfoliating and pore-clearing properties. It penetrates deep into the pores, helping to dissolve and remove excess oil, dead skin cells, and debris. Salicylic acid is often used in products formulated for acne-prone or congested skin.
  5. Glycolic Acid: Glycolic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugarcane. It acts as an exfoliant, helping to remove dead skin cells and improve skin texture and tone. Glycolic acid can enhance the absorption of other skincare ingredients and is often included in products targeting dullness, hyperpigmentation, and uneven skin tone.
  6. Antioxidants: Skinceuticals incorporates various antioxidants, such as Vitamin E, ferulic acid, and resveratrol, in their formulations. Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals, which can cause oxidative stress and damage to the skin. They provide protection against environmental aggressors, support skin repair, and can enhance the stability and efficacy of other ingredients.

7 Best-Selling Skinceuticals Products

If I’ve learned one thing about Skinceuticals so far, it’s that this cosmetic brand is anything but limited when it comes to skincare formulas.

From oil-free serums to facial exfoliators, there’s at least one product suited to your complexion type. If you’re a fan of potent, science-backed formulas though, I bet you’ll fall in love with more than just one.

Moving forward, I’ll spotlight a couple of the brand’s hottest picks for you to compare. 

Skinceuticals Hyaluronic Acid Intensifier Review 

Dreaming about the glory days? The Hyaluronic Acid Intensifier can help you get back to those youth-driven years. I’m kind of crazy about what’s inside this formula:

Infused with a blend of purple rice[2], licorice root[3], and hyaluronic acid[4], this proprietary serum works wonders in rejuvenating the complexion. Say goodbye to fine lines, wrinkles, and sagging spots, and say hello to a ‘brighter’ future. 

Studies[5] show there are several different types of wrinkles, and each one can be caused by different things. Fine lines are often caused by dehydration, while deeper wrinkles may be the result of sun damage or smoking. There are a number of effective treatments for wrinkles, including skincare products, lasers, and injectables.

Coming in a gel-like texture, this paraben-free intensifier is best used after dermal fillers, a process that must be recommended by a dermatologist or physician. 

Best followed with the Skinceuticals C E Ferulic serum for a boost of Vitamin C, the Hyaluronic Acid Intensifier costs $102

Skinceuticals Phloretin CF with Ferulic Acid Review 

If you’re fraught with spots, plot your skincare regimen carefully with the Phloretin CF with Ferulic Acid serum. 

Designed to target acne, discoloration, and signs of aging, this powerful formula enforces a protective barrier throughout your complexion. This is all thanks to its blend of superhero ingredients, including phloretin[6], 10% pure Vitamin C[7], and ferulic acid[8]

Together, these additives prevent free radicals and environmental stressors from harming the skin. My favorite part? It’s made to be effective in under 72 hours. Grab a bottle of powerhouse Phloretin CF with Ferulic Acid for $166.

We recommend adding the Skinceuticals Sunscreen for even more protection. 

Skinceuticals Discoloration Defense Review 

Unless you’re blessed with Barbie perfection (and personally, I don’t think that exists), the Discoloration Defense corrector helps to dispel dark spots and imperfections. Designed for all skin tones, this real-life blur tool erases acne scars and brown patches. 

In as early as two weeks, users will see a noticeable improvement in their complexion, as this product works to brighten and rejuvenate sullen textures.

Enhanced with tranexamic acid[9], HEPES, niacinamide[10], and kojic acid[11], the Skinceuticals discoloration defense serum has won the upvote of several customers. 

According to a study conducted by the brand, I read that 60% of participants reported a brighter and clearer complexion after using this formula. 

For an item that can revolutionize your self-care regimen, the $98 Discoloration Defense may prove its worth quickly.  

Skinceuticals C E Ferulic with 15% L-Ascorbic Acid Review 

Getting older is hard, I get it, but aging gracefully is one thing; ignoring your skincare routine is another. For those pushing the 40-year mark, the CE Ferulic with 15% L-Ascorbic Acid can help scale that number 4 or 5 birthdays back. 

Optimized for all skin types, this formula works to eliminate discoloration, wrinkles, and fine lines in one application. 

It is enhanced with a blend of antioxidant-rich ingredients, such as 15% pure Vitamin C, 1% Vitamin E[12], and ferulic acid. Together, these elements work to prevent environmental stress like ozone pollution and UVA/UVB rays. I love that this serum serves double duty, smoothing while protecting the skin.

While on the topic, if you have sensitive skin, the Skinceuticals Phloretin CF can help add that extra layer of armor if you’re looking for it.

Recommended by physicians and dermatologists alike, the C E Ferulic with 15% L-Ascorbic Acid is priced at $166

Skinceuticals Retinol 0.5 Review 

The morning alarm goes off. Swinging your legs out of bed, you head to the bathroom to initiate the daily self-care routine. To your horror, a large volcanic-like zit rests peacefully on your forehead. I know the routine all too well—but no, it doesn’t stop there.

To add more insult to injury, a fine line has graced the inner corners of your mouth. Instead of panicking, the Retinol 0.5 cream can act as a preventive measure in case more fiends pop up during the night.

Designed to work as you sleep, this formula reduces signs of imperfections, ranging from fine lines to discoloration. It’s made out of pure retinol[13], doing wonders in minimizing breakouts. Because of this, I should mention that this cream is quite concentrated, so it’s a good idea to start with very little and increase over time.

For those cursed with blemish-ridden skin, I recommend upgrading to the Skinceuticals Retinol 1.0 for a more potent antidote. Offered in a squeeze tube for convenience, the Retinol 0.5 night cream costs $76

Skinceuticals Phyto Corrective Gel Review 

I don’t mean to be blunt, but that fourth layer of foundation won’t do much to cover those blemishes and acne spots. Don’t worry, we’ve all been there. To help buff out those bumpy textures, the Phyto Corrective Gel promises a ‘smoother’ canvas for makeup application. 

Infused with cucumber, thyme, eucalyptus leaf, olive[14], and hyaluronic acid, this formula is designed to correct dry, blotchy, and uneven skin. I love its vibrant color, a sign of the potent greens packed inside.

Ideally paired with the Skinceuticals Vitamin C Serum for a boost of nutrition, the Phyto Corrective Gel costs $67 in total.  

Skinceuticals Physical Fusion UV Defense SPF 50 Review

There’s nothing worse than a sunburn. Red and flakey in texture, I usually know I’ve made a mistake skipping out on sunscreen when it’s already too late.

This classic beach bum mistake can make your skin super sensitive to water, stretching, or even the lightest of touches.

 For those who’d rather get tan lines than a sizzling scorch, the Physical Fusion UV Defense SPF 50 offers broad-spectrum UVA/UVB protection for the hottest of summer days.

Blended with zinc oxide, artemia salina, and plankton extract[15], this protectant defends the skin against environmental stressors. 

As a bonus, it can also boost your complexion’s radiance to really achieve that sun-kissed look. Protected, glowing skin? Don’t mind if I do.

Designed to be water-resistant, the Physical Fusion UV Defense SPF 50 is available in two sizes:

  • 1.7 fl oz: $35
  • 4.2 fl oz: $66 

Who Is Skinceuticals For? 

Skinceuticals Review

Skinceutical products are for people who have skin. We know it’s self-explanatory, but hear us out. Most people aren’t blessed with Instagram perfection. 

From fine lines to acne spots, a majority of us are troubled with at least one primary skin concern. Studies[16] show that Acne is one of the most prevalent skin diseases. This is where Skinceuticals fits in. 

Since they usually target those who have wrinkles and aging spots, it’s safe to assume that Skinceuticals is catered to an older demographic. 

With that being said, that shouldn’t stop younger customers from applying their products. But before you make any significant changes or lifelong commitments, I suggest consulting with a professional first to see if their formulas are right for you. 

Comparison: Skinceuticals vs. Paula’s Choice

Skinceuticals Review

Cosmetic brands should emphasize transparency and efficacy as their two key values. Unfortunately, there’s a lot of ‘hocus pocus’ surrounding the skincare industry, as most companies only focus on one element or nothing at all. 

With this in mind, can readers trust Skinceuticals products? To help reach a solid conclusion, we’re comparing this label with Paula’s Choice to see which company comes out on top. 

Skinceuticals:

  • Offers an extensive collection of skincare products 
  • Provides professional services such as the SkinLab 
  • Has educational resources dedicated to other skin treatments such as chemical peels and cryotherapy 
  • Pricier than other retailers 
  • Offers some clean formulas on its website 

Paula’s Choice:

  • Also offers a wide variety of skincare products
  • Provides educational resources that customers can access (i.e. skincare quiz and ingredient glossary)
  • Reasonable prices 
  • Offers vegan and cruelty-free formulas 

We value that Paula’s Choice has transparent marketing and reasonable prices. They also offer vegan formulas where Skinceuticals doesn’t.

On top of that, Skinceuticals formulas are quite expensive, as most of their items range from $50 to $100. As a result, Paula’s Choice seems to be a more cost-effective alternative when it comes to skincare, though Skinceuticals appears to be the more professional line.

If you’re torn between the two, check out this Paula’s Choice Review for more details.

Skinceuticals Reviews: What Do Customers Think?

Skinceuticals Review

Cosmetic brands will do their best to outrun the competition. From medical claims to celebrity endorsements, it may be difficult to separate hype from credibility due to positive press. 

Fortunately, we’re here to provide a non-biased report on the brand in this Skinceuticals review to help you reach a more informed decision. To start things off, let’s take a look at how some of their top-selling products are rated on skinceuticals.com as of June 2023:

  • CE Ferulic with 15% L-Ascorbic Acid: 4.5/5 stars out of 1,821 ratings 
  • Skinceuticals Triple Liquid Restore 2:4:2: 4.7/5 stars out of 1,148 ratings 
  • Hyaluronic Acid Intensifier: 4.6/5 stars out of 654 ratings  
  • Phloretin CF® with Ferulic Acid: 4.5/5 stars out of 272 ratings
  • Discoloration Defence: 3.7/5 stars out of 236 ratings
  • Phyto Corrective Gel: 4.4/5 stars out of 244 ratings

Skinceutical products definitely look promising, as I found a large number of success stories attributed to their best-selling formulas. From serums to cleansers, customers are reporting a smoother, clearer, and brighter complexion after repeated use.

“I have noticed improvement around my eyes where crows feet hang out. It truly has tightened those wrinkles; which means they are still there but my foundation is going on much smoother now. I am 72,” one customer wrote for the Hyaluronic Acid Intensifier

On the other hand, the CE Ferulic with 15% L-Ascorbic Acid won the upvote of one particular user: “This product is the biggest game changer in my vanity. It helps even skin tone and makes my skin look bright and fresh. It also helps ease redness.”

The positive vibes for Skinceuticals don’t stop there, as I found other websites offer a promising amount of encouraging reviews. This includes sources like:

  • Dermstore for the Skinceuticals CE Ferulic with 15% L-Ascorbic Acid: 3,699 reviews with 4.8/5 stars 
  • Makeup Alley: 2,290 reviews with 3.8/5 stars 

According to hundreds of online customers, Skinceuticals proved effective in achieving a youthful complexion. While some complained about their hefty price, a majority of users noted that it was ultimately worth it. 

“This is well worth the money. Why spend on something that is so-so. When it comes to good skin, this brand is the best, and if you’ve used vitamin C serums before, you can tell when one has a high amount of C. This does,” one Dermstore customer wrote for the CE Ferulic Acid

Independent blogs, such as Posh in Progress, also wrote a favorable Skinceuticals review. The author was quick to recommend the Triple Lipid Restore cream and the Phloretin CF serum, as they both seemed to do their job in rejuvenating the skin.

“I swear my skin actually looks better today. One of my California friends tells me that every time they see me, I actually look younger. I’m going to take that as a sign that my skincare routine is working,” via a statement made by Posh in Progress

Despite the hype, while doing some research for this Skinceuticals review, we uncovered a few less-than-positive reports. Some customers on Makeup Alley and Dermstore reported no noticeable improvements after using some of their products.

On worse occasions, others noted side effects – such as dry skin and breakouts – when applying their serums and creams. In addition, we found some customers complaining about the scent of the CE Ferulic Acid, as it reportedly smelled like ‘pennies.’

Aside from the negative testimonials, we’re inclined to give a positive rating towards Skinceutical products. This is partially due to the sheer number of success stories online and the reported efficacy of the brand’s products. 

Is Skinceuticals Worth It?

Skinceuticals Review

Thankfully, after everything we’ve learned throughout this Skinceuticals review, the brand seems to live up to the internet hype. Due to the amount of encouraging success stories, their products are far from false advertising. From oily sheens to dry textures, there are a number of ways to attain that coveted clear complexion. 

Aside from the brand’s expansive inventory, we appreciate that Skinceuticals does their best to help customers understand the world of dermatology, as shown through their line of professional services and ingredient glossary. 

With that being said, customers should be prepared to pay a hefty amount for their formulas. Skinceuticals isn’t exactly an affordable brand—some products can cost as much as $100. But if you’re willing to make the commitment to better-looking skin, we recommend giving it a try

Skinceuticals Promotions & Discounts 

Skinceuticals Review

During this Skinceuticals review, we uncovered a few ways to help readers save some money. For instance, if you spend $185 you can build a complimentary mini regimen of 3 products + a bag. Spend $250 and get a mini C E Ferulic serum.

I also saw that the brand offers an auto-replenishment service. Sign up to get free shipping on orders over $55 and complimentary samples with your 2nd, 3rd, and 4th orders.

Skinceuticals also have a rewards program called VIP SKINSIDER where members can accumulate points to gain access to exclusive deals and perks like a private 1:1 video chat with a licensed aesthetician.

Where To Buy Skinceuticals

Skinceuticals Review

Start your journey to healthier skin by visiting skinceuticals.com. You can also find them at these select retailers:

  • Dermstore
  • Gee Beauty
  • Walmart
  • Beautysense
  • Amazon

Alternatives

There are several brand alternatives to Skinceuticals that offer high-quality skincare products. Here are some well-regarded brands known for their effective formulations and similar target areas:

  1. Paula’s Choice: Paula’s Choice is a brand that emphasizes evidence-based skincare and offers a wide selection of products. They focus on ingredient transparency and creating formulations that are gentle yet effective. Paula’s Choice offers products for concerns like aging, acne, hyperpigmentation, and sensitivity.
  2. Drunk Elephant: Drunk Elephant is a clean skincare brand that is known for its effective formulations free of potentially harmful ingredients. They prioritize using high-quality ingredients and avoid the “Suspicious 6,” including essential oils, drying alcohols, and silicones. Drunk Elephant offers products for hydration, brightening, and anti-aging.
  3. Sunday Riley: Sunday Riley is a brand that combines botanical ingredients with scientifically advanced formulations. They offer a range of products targeting different concerns, such as acne, hyperpigmentation, and anti-aging. Sunday Riley is known for products like Good Genes, Luna Sleeping Night Oil, and C.E.O. Vitamin C Serum.

FAQ

Skinceuticals Review

Where is Skinceuticals made? 

According to their webpage, I found that the brand’s products are made in the USA

Is Skinceuticals vegan and cruelty-free? 

In an official statement released by the brand, Skinceuticals does not test on animals. At the time of writing this Skinceuticals review, they do not offer any vegan formulas on their website. 

What is Skinceuticals’ Shipping Policy?

Depending on how much you spend, shipping costs will differ for every order. For instance, purchases that range within a $1 to $100 spending amount will have a $6 delivery fee. 

To help monitor the status of your package, the brand will issue a tracking number alongside a confirmation email. Sadly, Skinceuticals only ships to those residing in the United States. 

What is Skinceuticals’ Return Policy?

Skinceuticals offers a 30-day window for customers to send back their orders. I should note that this only applies to products purchased directly on their website. To initiate this process, buyers must log in to their accounts and access the return portal. 

How to contact Skinceuticals

For inquiries unrelated to this Skinceuticals review, you can reach out to the company through three methods of contact:

  1. Phone number: 1-800-771-9489
  2. Using the live chat function on its website 
  3. Filling out the request form online 


Looking for more trusted skincare brands? Check out these options below:

Proven

True Botanicals

Timeless

Versed Skincare

NuFACE Skincare

Article Sources

  1. Addor, F.A.S. Antioxidants in dermatology Scielo Brasil Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, [online] 92(3), pp.356–362
  2. Yamuangmorn, S. and Prom-u-Thai, C. The Potential of High-Anthocyanin Purple Rice as a Functional Ingredient in Human Health MDPI Antioxidants, 10(6), p.833
  3. Ciganović, P., Jakimiuk, K., Tomczyk, M. and Zovko Končić, M. Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity MDPI Antioxidants, 8(10), p.445
  4. Papakonstantinou E., Roth M., Karakiulakis G. Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging Taylor and Francis Online Dermato-Endocrinology Volume 4, 2012 - Issue 3
  5. Manríquez, J.J., Cataldo, K., Vera-Kellet, C. and Harz-Fresno, I. Wrinkles PubMed Central BMJ Clinical Evidence, [online] 2014
  6. Anunciato Casarini, T.P., Frank, L.A., Pohlmann, A.R., Guterres, S.S. Dermatological applications of the flavonoid phloretin ScienceDirect European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 889, 15 December 2020
  7. Telang, P.S. Vitamin C in dermatology Indian Dermatology Online Journal, [online] 4(2), p.143
  8. Zduńska‐Pęciak, K., Dębowska, R., Kołodziejczak, A. and Rotsztejn, H. Ferulic acid – A novel topical agent in reducing signs of photoaging Wiley Online Library Dermatologic Therapy
  9. Maeda, K. Mechanism of Action of Topical Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Melasma and Sun-Induced Skin Hyperpigmentation MDPI Cosmetics, 9(5), p.108
  10. Levin, J. and Momin, S.B. How Much Do We Really Know About Our Favorite Cosmeceutical Ingredients? PubMed Central The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology, [online] 3(2), pp.22–41
  11. Phasha, V., Senabe, J., Ndzotoyi, P., Okole, B., Fouche, G. and Chuturgoon, A. Review on the Use of Kojic Acid—A Skin-Lightening Ingredient MDPI Cosmetics, 9(3), p.64
  12. Keen, M. and Hassan, I. Vitamin E in dermatology Indian Dermatology Online Journal, [online] 7(4), p.311
  13. Mukherjee S, Date A, Patravale V, Korting HC, Roeder A, Weindl G. Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety PubMed Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1(4):327-48
  14. Tabassum, N. and Hamdani, M. Plants used to Treat Skin Diseases Pharmacognosy Reviews Pharmacognosy Reviews, [online] 8(15)
  15. Resende, D.I.S.P., Jesus, A., Sousa Lobo, J.M., Sousa, E., Cruz, M.T., Cidade, H. and Almeida, I.F. Up-to-Date Overview of the Use of Natural Ingredients in Sunscreens MDPI Pharmaceuticals, [online] 15(3), p.372
  16. Ayer, J. and Burrows, N. Acne: more than skin deep PubMed Postgraduate Medical Journal, [online] 82(970), pp.500–506

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